Measurements of soil and deformations

Authors: J. Gustkiewicz, A. Kanciruk, L. Stanisławski

The paper demonstrates the strain gauges intended for measuring soil and rock deformations, designed and engineered in the Laboratory of Rock Deformations of the Strata Mechanics Research Institute PAN in Cracow.

Their potential applications to monitoring of various rock mass phenomena are explored. The examples of 2D and 3D state of strain are considered.

The meters used for registering strain are presented.

Thus obtained results allow the impact of mining on the surface to be evaluated.

Accordingly, recomendations for the further mining operations can be made to counteract the negative environmental impacts.