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Investigations of rocks under triaxial compression at confining pressure from 0 to 70 MPa |
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Investigations of rocks under triaxial compression at confining pressure from 0 to 70 MPa Authors: D. Krzysztoń, U. Sanetra
The results of triaxial compression of rock sampIes in a stiff testing machine using a 70 MPa pressure chamber are presented. Experiments were carried out at the constant rate of longitudinal strain of a sampIe (10 sup -5. s sup -1) and at a constant confining pressure of O, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 50, 70 MPa. The sampIes of fine-grained sandstone, siltstone and coal, at atotal of 151 sampIes, were tested. For cach rock type 3 to 5 experiments were conducted at given confining pressure. The following rock properties: critical stress; critical strain, residual stress, residual strain and the modulus of softening were determined at different values of the confining pressure. The average values of thc determined magnitudes are listed in Table 1 and presented in the form of functional dependences in the graphs (Fig. 2 to 6). The angle of internal friction and cohesion were defined by three methods: the method of tangents to Mohr's circles, the method and the method of two tangents to the parabolic envelope of Mohr's circles. The obtained results are listed in Table 2. On the basis of the equation of Mohr's circles parabo!ic envelope, the angle of internal friction, being a function of normal stress, was determined for a compact rock in the pre-critical state and for a fractured rock in the post-critical state. The results of triaxial tests were applied for determining the rock maximum strength according to the Hoek-Brown criterion. The obtained envelopes of maximum strength were compared with the envelopes of Mohr's circles. Then the parameters occurring in Hoek-Brown's criterion (m, s) and the corresponding magnitudes resulting from Mohr's circles envelope (ep, c) were compared. In the conclusions, attention was paid to the increase in the modulus of softening in the low range values of confining pressure (O to 10MPa), and then to the decrease of this modulus with the increase of confining pressure in the range from 10 to 70 MPa. Attention should also be paid to the determination of the angle of internal friction and cohesion by the proposed method of tangents to the parabolic envelope of Mohr's circles (Sanetra 2002). According to this method, the angle of internal friction and cohesion can be determined in the whole range of normal stress, both for compact and fractured rocks.
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2011