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An estimation of risk by respirable dust |
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An estimation of risk by respirable dust Author: K. Cichowski
An instrument of a new safety policy now being implemented in Polish mining is a system of safety management. An essential element of safety management is a systematic identification of the occurring hazard in order to evaluate the current risk of mining (Sobala, Rosmus, 1996). An estimation of the risk of mining is carried out before making a decision referring to the operation of a mining plant and the conducted mining work. The starting point of the presented considerations is the opinion that irreversible anthracosis changes in miners are a final undesirable effect of a whole chain of successive indirect causes and principal conditions (Pelc, Przełęcki, Szaniawski, 1957) constituting the essential components of the necessary sequence of events (Cichowski 1999, Leniewicz 1975, Pszczółowski 1977, 1988). The significant components of the necessary sequence of events are always true when the final undesired effect is true. However, they take place in various (accidential) circumstances which has a probabilistic, that is, unpredictable character (Bobrowski 1980). A semideterministic approach, presented in this study, is also possible (Cichowski 1999, Muschick 1986, Muszewski 1970). It assumes that the occurring deficits of safety on the part of the working environment parameters, and progressive causation on the part of human factor constituting a negation of the assumed safety levels (The safety level is the state in the working environment both in the part of its objects and the part of the crew, sanctioned by the obligatory regulations of the Code of Safety, creating regressive (unfavourable) conditions for undesired occurrence of particular causes or principal conditions for the necessary sequence of events preceding an undesired final effect (Cichowski, 1999).) create favourable (progressive) conditions for an undesired sequence of events preceding irreversible anthracosis changes in miners. This is the essence of the identified hazard and the occurring risk of mining. A decrease of this risk is achieved thanks to an establishment of new, or thighening the already obligatory levels of safety. To assess the anthracosis hazard a graduation of the occurring risk of mining has been proposed.
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2011